What is a key element of informed consent?

The key element of informed consent is that patients must be fully informed about the risks and benefits of a procedure. This aspect is crucial because informed consent is based on the patient's understanding of what they are agreeing to, which includes understanding the potential outcomes of the procedure, any associated risks, and the benefits they can expect.

Patients have the right to receive adequate information so that they can make knowledgeable decisions about their healthcare options. This not only empowers individuals in their treatment choices but also aligns with ethical and legal standards in medical practice, protecting both patient autonomy and healthcare provider accountability.

The other options do not encompass this fundamental principle. For example, the idea that patients must agree with their primary care physician does not ensure that the patient is fully informed. Similarly, requiring in-person signatures may create barriers to consent without adding to the patient's understanding. Lastly, while confidentiality is important in healthcare, it does not directly pertain to the informed consent process itself.